Managing HOA Swimming Pools In the Swim

With summer fast approaching, no other amenity in a residential community is enjoyed more than the community swimming pool. From the community's perspective, a swimming pool can add to the value of the residences and attract prospective buyers. It's also seen as an amenity that can bring the residents of a community together; a gathering place where people can meet, relax, and socialize.

However, managing and maintaining a community swimming pool is a major investment in time, energy and money. In order for a community swimming pool to be safe, successful, and enjoyable, its management must address many issues including liability, usage regulations and maintenance. Proper management is the key to retaining a pool's value—but it's a big job.

Running Water

Community property managers play a key role in the day-to-day management and operation of the swimming pool. Their responsibilities range from obtaining the proper permits and licenses to training the staff on the pool rules and regulations.

"As the community manager, I am responsible for obtaining permits to operate and open the pool," says Rochelle Caruso, community manager at Society Hill at Kilmer Woods Village II in Mahwah. "I make sure our licenses with the Town of Mahwah and the Board of Health are up to date. I also make certain our yearly electrical inspection goes smoothly."

"The community manager is also responsible for contracting the pool vendor who will provide the ongoing maintenance as well as trained lifeguards," Caruso continues.

"The lifeguards are trained and certified by the American Red Cross. In addition to this training, the manager must also train the lifeguards about the swimming pool; including the rules of operations and providing pool badges and the sign-in process. Lastly, the manager needs to make sure all the rules and regulations are clearly posted around the pool area."

Setting the Rules

It is vital for a community to set clear rules and guidelines for residents to follow when using the swimming pool. By setting a comprehensive set of rules and communicating the rules to all the residents, the community ensures the safety of its residents and reduces its liability.

The procedure for laying down rules and regulations governing swimming pools varies somewhat from community to community. In some instances, the HOA will meet and set the rules and regulations collectively. Other associatons may adopt the rules and guidelines from other community pools or municipal pools.

"If the swimming pool is newly constructed, the pool company may provide the HOA suggested rules and guidelines," says Liz Duttino, regional director of Paramus-based Wentworth Property Management.

"Our board decided to adopt a combination of the swimming pool rules from the Township of Mahwah and the Board of Health's code," says Caruso. "Some of the rules and regulations include:

• Pool badges must be worn at all times, including while swimming. Residents must sign in at the lifeguard stand. If badge is not being worn, the resident will be asked to leave.

• A resident must accompany guests at all times.

• No running around the deck area. No diving or horseplay.

• An adult must accompany children under 12 years of age.

• No glass bottles or containers in the pool area.

• Any person with excessive sunburn, open blisters, cuts or bandages shall be denied admission."

These are just a sample of some of the rules a community can adopt to help safely manage activities in and around their pool. Whether your HOA comes up with the rules or adopts them from the township, Board of Health or a qualified third party—such as an independent consultant—the community has to make sure the rules are fair, clear and collectively reduce the chances of a mishap.

Rules do have to be judiciously formulated and applied, of course. Making rules too broad or too narrow can lead to legal problems for an association.

"There is never an age restriction forbidding someone under a certain age access to the pool," Duttino points out. "There can be a rule restricting children under 12 from using the pool without adult supervision, but I know of one community that had a rule prohibiting minors from using the pool after certain hour They were sued for age discrimination."

Staffing and Managing

It is crucial a pool be well maintained to prevent accidents from occurring. Proper maintenance also protects the pool from damage and prevents it from damaging the surrounding property. This is where professional pool management companies come in.

Professional pool management companies specialize in managing swimming pools and health club facilities for co-ops, condos and other residential communities—some even provide lifeguard and maintenance staffing. The majority of communities with pools use these companies, in part because of the reservoir of employees they provide, and also to reduce the burden on their managing agent.

Swimming pool management companies frequently train their own lifeguards and Certified Pool Operators (CPOs); by law there must a CPO at the pool, so it is very convenient for the lifeguard to have this certification. Lifeguards are also usually responsible for day-to-day maintenance of the pool.

One challenge with a community pool and the pool management company is maintaining the appropriate staffing levels. Many of the pool employees are transient. Consider lifeguards, for example.

"A majority of the lifeguards are young kids, high school and college kids. They know it is a summer job. Some of them spend their time on their cell phones or reading instead of paying attention to what is going on around them," explains Caruso.

So how many people does it take to run a pool? There are many factors such as community size, pool size and the amount of money the HOA is willing to spend that will decide how many employees to hire.

"At Kilmer Woods II, there are 466 units," says Duttino. "During the busy hours in the summer—between 11 a.m. and noon, and between 3 and 4 p.m., we have two lifeguards on duty. On the weekends, we have two lifeguards on duty all day long. We also have a pool supervisor who is on call in case of a problem."

One of the biggest advantages of using a swimming pool management company is that these companies are also insured and assume most, if not all, of the responsibility for the pool's safety and cleanliness.

"HOAs will ask us whether they should self-manage the operations and maintenance of their community pools or should they hire professionals to manage their pool operations," says Duttino. "We always recommend the HOA contract a professional pool management company to do the job. They are insured and will assume all liability for the pool. Generally, the property's management company will not assume responsibility for a pool in a self-managed community pool."

"When hiring or reviewing potential pool management companies, you should always ensure their insurance policies offer complete coverage," says Caruso. "Request a copy of their insurance certificates. The last thing you want is to hire a company that does not have the appropriate insurance coverage."

Insuring Your Investment

Contractors aren't the only ones who need to secure the proper coverage. HOAs need to assess their risk and confer with their insurer to make sure the sparkling pool their residents enjoy so much isn't setting them up for catastrophic loss. According to Robin Flynn of Brown & Brown, a community association insurer with offices in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, "For a swimming pool, your exposure is a liability exposure, and that's generally covered as part of the policy we issue to the association," Flynn says. "When we go to write a policy, the association tells the insurance company that they have a swimming pool, and we ask a lot of questions, such as 'Do you hire a contractor to manage the pool for you?' 'What are your pool hours?,' 'Is there a fence and safety signs around the pool?' and 'Do you have a lifeguard on duty in the pool area?' All those things come into play when there's a pool area because insurance companies are going to want them."

What about extra coverage for peace of mind? "I like to say that a good agent will always recommend an umbrella policy," Flynn continues, "especially when you have a pool in a large community—a million dollars-worth of coverage might not be enough to cover that one terrible claim everyone dreads. We always recommend an umbrella, which will give you that extra limit of liability."

The amount varies, says Flynn, but most insurers don't recommend anything less than $15 million in coverage, unless it's a very small association, in which case $5 million or $10 million might be adequate.

How much a pool actually impacts an association's bottom line depends on the pool and how it's rated. It definitely has impact, but it's not necessarily a driving factor in their premium unless they have a large loss or extensive claims history.

"If you have this type of exposure and your risk management is appropriate," concludes Flynn, "you may have one more chance or one more thing that could result in a loss, but it doesn't significantly raise costs."

Is All the Work Worth It?

Swimming pools involve plumbing, heaters, pumps and other technical equipment that may occasionally need repair. Many pool management companies do not handle extensive repairs themselves, but are responsible for contracting an outside company to do the work. Mechanical problems usually require immediate attention and can be quite costly—running anywhere from $500 to $30,000. In addition to the technical repairs and upkeep, there are other costs involved in maintaining a community pool.

According to Caruso, "Some of the costs involve contracting the pool management company, purchasing chemicals, equipment, resurfacing the pool. Another expense is pool furniture. With furniture you have the costs of maintenance and storage. This can be expensive."

"The board needs to explore the different options when it comes to pool furniture," Caruso continues. "One option is to provide pool tables and have residents bring their own chairs. This does reduce the overall expenditure. Otherwise, the board selects the furniture collectively and incurs the expense."

When comparing the costs of maintaining and operating a pool against the benefits, many HOAs find that having a pool is worth the expense. For prospective residents, amenities such as a pool are very important. A well-designed and thoughtfully located pool enhances the aesthetics of the overall property. It is a great tool when it comes to marketing your property.

"When people are calling to find a new place, one of the most common inquiries is what amenities does the community offer? The swimming pool is a big draw," says Caruso.

From the management perspective, Caruso says, "What I like about having a pool is that during the summer months, most of the residents are around the pool. It is an opportunity for me to make the rounds, speak with the residents firsthand and get a pulse of the community."

Manage and Maintain

While swimming pools may make for happy community residents, they are often a challenge to manage and maintain. But by forming a close working relationship with a pool management company and by taking proactive measures to make sure the pool is safe and healthy, the stressfulness of maintaining a swimming pool can be minimized. Pools are potentially dangerous and require a great deal of upkeep, but if the seriousness of these issues is addressed effectively, managers can provide residents with a high-quality pool environment while minimizing the headache factor for themselves.

Brian Ormsbee is a freelance writer living in New York City.

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22 Comments

  • I live in a very well maintained 24 unit townhome community with an HOA. I bought my home in 2005. This year, our board president is wanting to make our community a 55yrs and older community. I think it is a bad idea since we live across from a K-12 school complex and right off a major and convenient free way to downtown Phoenix. Great for resale value. Can I effectively contest such a change? Some of our residents have children going to college under 25 at home.
  • Is there a temp that hoa pools must be maintained during winter,
  • Are there specific requirements for temperatures in a HOA managed pool?
  • 80% of the residents must be over the age of 55 before a complex can be declared "seniors only". We encountered this in our own HOA. Anything else puts you up for a suit due to the Fair Housing Act. We now have to accept young children.
  • we have 414 units and a lot of kids. We have 2 lifeguards on weekends but only 1 on weekdays is that safe. Presently we have 2 lifeguard stands one on each side of the pool some board members want to get rid of the stands and have the lifeguards set where they may. is that safe
  • Is there a maximum temperature the pool can be for a hoa swimming pool?a9nbcx
  • If fed law says 12 is minimum age for solo swimming, can our HOA say 16 is minimum age?
  • is there a law that states a pool has to be a certain size depending on how many units are in a retirement community
  • I live in a new community of 500 townhomes and cobdos, is there a size requirement for the pool? We feel the pool they put in is much to small! Thank's to anyone who help me with this,.
  • what are the hours of operation of a condo pool at night?
  • Our HOA is planning to put in a diving board. What are the risks for that. Is this a bad idea due to insurance and possible liability?
  • Our "renters" seem to feel they do not need to purchase a key. and they have broken fences busted iron lock gates, propped the gate open for all their friends. some leave a rocvk/brick to keep the gate from closing. We do not have an "entry " gate, so anyone they call on cell phone can drive or ride a bike up, go thru the open gate and ruin our pool (it's happened multiple times... guess who foots the bill- owners, like me!!!! What are our options? People here hate me for trying to enforce standards... This is my HOME!
  • one if there is 3 pools
  • I am an owner of condo in NJ Condo Association with 86 units and no rental or sub rental allowed. Is our pool private or public - do we have to have a lifeguard by NJ law?
  • Walter von Stockhausen on Sunday, June 7, 2015 2:08 PM
    We have a 34 unit condo and a small community pool. One of the pool rules is not to consume food in the pool area. Is it wise to have bistro styles tables and chairs on the deck area since this will encourage consuming food in the pool area. Than is the change of clutter and safety issues on the deck area.
  • I have the same question as Donna Choromanski. Is there a size requirement for the pool based on the number of houses/units in the community?
  • our co-op poll rules prohibit possession and/or consumption of alcoholic beverages at the pool. at times , it is obvious that some people are drinking booze. Yet, the lifeguard refuses to act. Claims that he can't search their property. Does he have rights to search if alcohol possession/ consumption is expected ?
  • I live in a condo. they just recently put a lock on the gate to get in and to get out. is this allowed. how would you get out in case of an emergency? I think that it is very unsafe not to have a quick exit if something came up and you can't find the key to get out.
  • Catherine A Scarborough on Wednesday, January 9, 2019 2:38 PM
    What is an appropriately sized swimming pool for a community having 1,100 units?
  • I live in a 15 unit condo complex,with an in ground pool. Can i,an owner,maintain the pool i.e. add chemicals,vacuum,backwash,skim the surface,scrub sum lines,etc... ?
  • Can a HOA ban toddler from swimming in the community pool if they have swim diapers. This ias in the state of New Jersey. If possible, can you give me the specific code for that/
  • In the state of New Jersey, Can a HOA ban a toddler who is wearing a swim diaper which is used to precent leakage, from swimming in the pool with adult supervision. Is there a particular code that covers this?